Improvement in machines for uniting paper and cloth



5 Sheets--Sheet1. G. K. SNOW.

Machines fur Uniting Paper and Cloth. No. 134,105, Patented Dec.17,1872.

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AM PHUTO-UTHOGHAPHIC CGMY QSBGRNES P503555) p. a M M? g G. K. SNOW.Machines for Uniting Paper and Gluth.

5 Sheets--Sheet 3.

G. K. SNOW.

Machines for Uniting Paper and Cloth.

NO. 134.105. Patented Dec.17,1872.

5 Sheets--Sheet 4. G. K. SN 0 W.

Machines for Uniting Paper and Cloth. No; 134,105. Patented Dec. 17,1872.

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5 Sheets--Sheet 5.

G. K. SNOW. Machins for unitin g Paper-and (Hath.

Patented Dec. 17, 1872.

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W/ T/VESS E S AM PHUTO-UTHOUEAFH/C [H.MY/OJEGRNES P1706558) UNITEDSTATEs i PATENT zOrFIon. a

GEORGE K. SNOW, OF WATERTOWN, MASSACHUSETTS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 134,105, datedDecember. 17, 1872.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, GEORGE K. SNOW, ofWatertown, in. the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, haveinvented a new and Improved Machine for Uniting Paper and Cloth, ofwhich the following is a specification:

The art of uniting paper and cloth in comparatively-small sheets for thepurpose of mounting maps, drawings, and other like articles to make themmore durable has long been known and practiced. This has been done bystretching the cloth upon a frame or its equivalent and applying thepaste to the back side of the paper upon which thedrawing or map ismade, and placingthe paper thus -mens wear, to suppl y which dem and theprocess above described was entirely inadequate as well as being tooexpensive, though it had to be resorted to until the introduction of myimproved process and the machine by which the process ismade available.

I am aware that two strips of paper have been united continuously bypassing them between pressure-rolls, with the paste lying between thetwo strips as they advanced over the upper sides of said rolls to thepoint of union, the pressure of said rolls expelling all superfluouspaste, the united material being rolled up immediately after leaving therolls, and allowed to set. This process, however,

would not do for uniting thin cloth and paper,

aspaper expands and cloth shrinks when wet, and,in drying,cloth expandsand paper shrinks, and therefore it could not be kept from warping orcurling up unless it was rolled up, and if rolled up the paste, passingthrough the fibers of cloth, would adhere to the paper next to it, andthus stick the whole roll together in 7 one mass.

The object of my invention is to unite paper and cloth continuouslybymeans of paste, gum,

glue, or other adhesive material, as they are brought into contact fromseparate rolls or packages, and drying and rolling up the same at oneand the same operation, for the purpose of producing a compound materialof combined paper and cloth for the manufacture of collars, cuffs, &c.,in large quantities, and at a less cost than heretofore.

The. processby which I have been able to accomplish the above object,and bythe use of which I am now successfully uniting thousands of yardsdaily, is as follows: I take a web of cloth suitable for the purpose,wind it upon a shaft or small roll resting in suitable bearings in theframe of the machine; and upon another shaft or roll similarly situatedI place a roll of paper and take the loose or outer end of eachmaterial, and passing itover or around one or more small rolls, andpassin g the cloth through or past the paste in such a manner that oneor both sides of the cloth receives a coat of paste, I place the ends ofthe drypaper and the pasted cloth together, and enter them between twopressure-rollers, to which a rotary motion is applied, said rollersserving the double purpose of feeding the material to the machine, andof expelling any,

surplus paste that may have been taken up by the cloth. The unitedmaterial, after being delivered from the pressure-feed rolls, is carriedover a small roll and thence onto and nearly around one or more hotdryingcylinders, care being taken to so lead the material onto saidcylinders that the paper will always be next to said cylinders toprevent the paper becoming saturated with the paste, and so that thevapor arising from the moisture in the paste may more readily escapethrough the fibers of the cloth. After leaving the drying-cylinders thematerial is wound up upon a shaft or small roll. I also apply a blast ofhot or cold air to the material, just above the drying-cylinders, forthe purpose of driving away the vapor arising from the paste in drying,and thereby aiding the drying process.

In the drawing, Figure 1 is an elevation of to paste but one side of thecloth; and Fig. 6 is a plan of the doctor-plate.

A is the frame of the machine B, the roll of cloth; and G, the roll ofpaper, mounted, respectively, upon the shafts B and O, which are somounted in the frame that they may be readily removed therefrom. D is apaste trough secured to the frame, and having mounted therein the rolla. A doctor-plate, b, is secured to the frame in a position just abovethe paste-trough D, the working-edge of said doctor-plate being curved,as shown in Fig. 6, for the purpose of straining the cloth for thepurpose of taking out any wrinkles that may have formed therein, andspreading the cloth to its greatest width. E and F are a pair ofpressure feed-rolls, which serve the purpose of thereon, just inside theframe, the pinion M,

the opposite sides of which mesh into the spur-gears N and O secured toor cast upon the drying-cylinders G and H, respectively. The shaft L isdriven by a belt upon a pulley (not shown in the drawing) upon one endof the shaft, while upon the other end is mounted a pulley, P, fromwhich, by means of the belt 0 and the pulley Q, motion is transmitted tothe draft-roll I, said pulleys being so proportioned that theperipheries of said draftrolls will move somewhat faster than theperipheries of the drying-cylinders or the pressure feed-rolls, for thepurpose of keeping a tension on the material at all times, and at allpoints between the feed-rolls an d the draftrolls. The shaft L alsocarries the pulley R, from which, by means of the belt (I and the pulleyS, motion is transmitted to the feedpressure roll E. The draft-roll Icarries the pulley T, by means of which, and the belt 6 and pulley U,motion is transmitted to the shaft K, upon which the finished materialis wound as it is delivered from the draft-rolls. Wand IV aresteam-pipes, and V and V eX- haust-pipes, coupled to the hollow journalsof the drying-cylinders in a well-known manner, so as to make asteam-tight joint. Small idlerolls f, g, h, h, i, 7c, 1, and m arearranged, as shown, to aid in leading the paper and cloth from theirrespective rolls to the point of contact at the feed-rolls, and theunited ma terial from the feed-rolls to the drying-cylinders G and H,and thence to the draftrolls I and J, the united material being soguided thereby as to keep the paper side thereof next to thedrying-cylinders. X is a pipe arranged lengthwise of the machine, and atone side thereof, and having both ends closed up, said pipe beingprovided with any suitable num- 2 reams ber of nozzles a and dampers a,through which blasts of hot or cold air may be discharged under or overthe material while pass in g around the hot cylinders for the purpose ofdriving away the vapor arising from the wet material passing over thehot cylinders, the air being supplied to said pipe through the pipe 0 bymeans of a blower. .A suctionblower may be used instead of ablast-blower and thevapor be drawn away through the pipes, if desired.The shaft B, which carries the roll of cloth B, is mounted at one endupon the end of the screw 19 in such a manner that the roll of cloth maybe adjusted endwise for the purpose of guiding it into the machine, soas to match the paper at the point of junction. Said shaft is alsoprovided with a grooved pulley, q, over which the cord 7 passes, one endof said cord being attached to the frame of the machine or to the floor,and to the other end is attached the weight 8, to serve as a brake toprevent the cloth from being unwound too fast. A similar device is alsoapplied to the shaft 0, consisting of the pulley t, cord 11, and weight1 Y is a supplementary pastetrough, to be used when it is desired topaste but one side of the cloth, the trough resting against the cloth asit passes the feed-roll E, and the paste flowing to the cloth throughthe slit 0, there being no paste in D.

The operation of my improved machine and the manner of carrying out theprocess are as follows: The cloth 1 is unwound from the roll B, and theend is passed under the tie-rod it over the roll h, and is laid acrossthe top of the paste-trough D filled with paste, the roll at having beenpreviously removed therefrom, when the roll a is laid upon the cloth andpressed down into its place in the paste-trough, where it is secured bymeans of the pins 61.. The end of the cloth is then drawn up past theouter edge of the doctor-plate b to the feed-pressure roll E, where itis joined to the end of the paper 2, which has been unwound from theroll 0, passed over the rollf, and over the feed-roll F. The ends of thetwo strips of material, being joined together, are inserted between thepressure feed-rolls E and F, under the roll 9, over the roll 'i, nearlyaround the steam-cylinder G, over the rolls j and it, nearly around thesteam-cylinder H, over the roll I, under'the roll m, and between thedraft-rolls I and J, and wound onto orsecured to the shaft K. Steambeing admitted to the drying-cylinders G and H, and the machine beingset in motion, the paper and cloth will be unwound from their respectiverolls. The cloth being drawn through the paste in the trough D will becompletely saturated with the paste, the surplus of which is removedfrom one side by the doctor-plate b, and from the other side by thepressure feed-rolls E and F, the paste pressed out thereby, and thatremoved by the doctor-plate falling into the paste-trough D again. Theunited material after leaving the feed-rolls is carried to thedrying-cylinders with the paper side against v the cylinder, so that thedrying may commence immediately, and the moisture may pass out throughthe pores of the cloth. In this way the paper does not become moistenedso as to l expand to any appreciable degree.

Cloth, when left to itself, shrinks materially in dryin g, and itstendency to do this must be counfacilitate the drying process, the blastbeing regulated by the dampers n. The united material may be leddirectly from the feed-rolls E and F to the drying-cylinder Gwithoutpassing over the idle rolls, if desired. The draftrolls I and J aredriven at a somewhat greater speed than the feed-rolls E, so as to keepa tension upon the material all the way through the machine, and causeit to hug close to the drying-cylinders.

I am aware that a compound material consisting of paper and cloth hasbeen manufactured to some extent, by uniting cloth previously preparedby sizing with thepaper while in the process of formation from the pulpin a paper-machine, the moisture in the pulp being sufficient to dampenthe size in the cloth so as to make it adhere to the paper; but a verymaterial loss is sustained in preparing the material in this way over myprocess, first, on account of the extra labor of sizing the cloth.;'and,second, the process of sizing the cloth and allowing it to'dry causesthe cloth to shrink so that it will not cover so large an area of paperas when applied by my process; What I claim as new, and desire to secureby Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. The process, herein set forth, of continuously uniting paper andcloth by takin g the cloth and paper from separate rolls or packages,applying paste or other adhesive material to the cloth, passing thepasted cloth and dry paper placed in contact between pressurerolls;thence around heated drying-cylinders in such a manner that the papershall always be next to said cylinders, and winding the finishedmaterial into a roll, substantially as described.

2. In combination with one or more hot cylinders for drying a damp orwet material passing over or around the same, a blast or blasts of hotor cold air, for the purpose specified.

.3. In combination with the drying-cylinders G and H, an airpipe soarranged that blasts of hot or cold air may be discharged upon theexterior surface of material passing over or around said cylinders,substantially as described.

4. In a machine for uniting paper and cloth in the web or roll, thedraft-rolls I and J, so arranged and operated as to run' at a high rateof speed and keep a tension upon the material as .it passes through themachine, substantially as described.

5. The paste-trough Y, provided with the slit 6 extending the wholelength of the trough, for applying paste to one side of the cloth, incombination with the guide-roll E, substantially as described.

6, In an organized machine for uniting paper and cloth by means of pasteor other adhesive material, adoctor-plate having its workin g-edgecurved, whereby the surplus paste is removed and the fabric keptdistended widthwise, substantially as described, for the purposespecified.

Executed at Boston, this 23d day of July,

GEO. K. SNOW. Witnesses:

N. 0. LOMBARD, F. K. ROGERS.

